摘要：绿色发展是实现高质量发展的核心议题之一，企业环保创新日益依赖于员工的绿色创造行为。然而，既有研究多聚焦于单一层面要素的“净效应”,难以揭示个体因素与组织条件如何协同驱动绿色创造行为的复杂机制。为此，本研究基于能力-动机-机会(AMO)模型，应用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法，对影响员工绿色创造行为的前因要素构型进行研究。选取91家企业的CEO、CHO和普通员工为研究对象，收集402份配对问卷，分析员工受教育程度、主动性人格、描述性绿色规范感知、组织环保导向、绿色人力资源管理、组织支持感知等6种因素对员工绿色创造行为的组态影响。研究结果表明：(1)存在5条导致高水平员工绿色创造行为的等效路径，可归纳为“被动约束型”“个人驱动型”与“复合推动型”3种类型；(2)员工高水平的描述性绿色规范感知在上述所有等效路径中均为核心条件，表明同事群体常态化的绿色创造行为为员工提供了行为合法性与社会参照，是激发绿色创造行为的基础性动机因素；(3)提高绿色人力资源管理和员工描述性绿色规范感知，可有效弥补员工个人主动性差或受教育程度低的不足，体现了不同层次驱动要素在AMO框架下的互补耦合逻辑。本研究揭示了个体与情境交互作用下，能力、动机、机会多维因素对员工绿色创造行为的组合驱动机制，也为企业绿色管理实践提供了参考依据。企业应依据员工类型差异化施策，对“被动约束型”员工，需强化绿色培训、绩效激励等制度工具，同时树立环保模范；对“个人驱动型”员工，则应赋予其自主空间，强化组织支持感知；对“复合推动型”员工，需将环保导向从战略层面贯穿至日常管理制度，构建全方位支持系统。

Abstract: Employee green creativity is the fundamental driving force to promote enterprise environmental innovation and green development. To explore effective paths to stimulate employee green creativity, this study, based on the Ability-Motivation-Opportunity model(AMO), applies the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fsQCA) to investigate the configuration of antecedent factors affecting employee green creativity. Top managers and employees from 91 firms participated in our study. A total of 402 matched questionnaires were collected and used for analysis. We select education, proactive personality, perceived descriptive green norms, perceived organization support, organizational environmental orientation and green human resource management as core variables. The finding of this study shows that, firstly, five configurations contribute to high levels of green creativity, which can be grouped into three main categories, that is “Passive Constraint”, “Individual Driven” and “Synergistic Promotion”. Secondly, high perceived descriptive green norms is a core condition in all configurations. Thirdly, improving green human resource management and employees perceived descriptive green norms are effective means to make up for the absence of employees' personal proactive personality and education. This study reveals the combined driving mechanism of multiple factors of ability, motivation, opportunity on employee green creativity under the interaction between individuals and situations, providing a reference basis for the green management practices of enterprises.